机械零件去毛刺的方法
1、电解去毛刺
1. Electrolysis deburring
这是利用电能、化学能溶解阳极去掉毛刺。涡轮流量计零件与直流电源的正极相连为阳极,成形工具与直流电源的负极相连为阴极,两极之间保持一定的间隙,让电解液循环流动。
This is the use of electrical energy, chemical energy to dissolve the anode to remove burr. The parts of the turbine flowmeter are connected with the positive pole of the DC power supply as the anode. The forming tool is connected with the negative pole of the DC power supply as the cathode, and a certain gap is maintained between the poles, so that the electrolyte circulated.
可以使用电解去毛刺机床。当生产批量不大时,fy4t_3可用整流器将交流电变成直流电而制成简单的设备。根据零件结构,制作与零件形状相似的专用夹具,用黄铜或紫铜等导电好的材料制成,不加工部位涂环氧树脂进行隔离保护。
The electrolysis deburring machine can be used. When the production is not large, the fy4t_3 can be made into a simple device by converting the AC into DC. According to the part structure, a special fixture similar to the part shape is made, which is made of conductive materials like brass or copper. The parts are coated with epoxy resin to protect them.
2、化学去毛刺
2. Chemical deburring
将清洗干净的金属零件放到化学溶液中,零件表面金属将以离子形式转到溶液中。这些离子聚集在工件表面,经化学反应形成一层电阻大、电导率小的黏液膜,保护工件表面不被腐蚀,而毛刺突出于表面,化学作用会将毛刺去掉。用电化学反应原理,对金属材料制成的零件自动地、有选择地完成去毛刺作业。适用于难于去除的内部毛刺、热处理后和精加工的零件.
The cleaned metal parts are placed in a chemical solution, and the metal on the surface of the part will be transferred to the solution in the form of ion. These ions aggregate on the surface of the workpiece, and form a thin film with large resistance and small conductivity by chemical reaction. It protects the surface of the workpiece from corrosion, and burrs protrude from the surface. The burr will be removed by chemical action. With the principle of electrochemical reaction, the deburring operation is completed automatically and selectively for the parts made of metal materials. It is suitable for internal burrs, heat treatment and finishing parts that are difficult to remove.
3、高温去毛刺
3, high temperature deburring
先将需要去毛刺的零件放在紧固的密封室内,然后送入一定压力的氢氧混合气体,经火花塞点火后,混合气体瞬时爆炸,放出大量的热,瞬时温度高达3300℃以上。由于爆炸时间极短,使零件的毛刺被烧掉,而零件的其他部分来不及变化。
First, put the parts that need burrs in the tight sealed room, then send them to a certain pressure of hydrogen and oxygen mixed gas. After ignition by spark plug, the mixture gas explode instantly, and release a lot of heat. The instantaneous temperature is above 3300 degrees. Because the time of the explosion is very short, the burr of the part is burned off, and the other parts of the part are too late to change.
4、滚磨去毛刺
4, roll off burr
把一定比例的工件和磨料放入封闭的滚筒,在滚筒转动过程中,动态扭矩传感器 零件与磨料、零件与零件间产生磨削,去除毛刺。滚磨去毛刺设备有专用去毛刺机和离心滚抛机。磨料可用石英砂、木屑、氧化铝、陶瓷、白云石、碳化硅、金属环等。
A certain proportion of workpieces and abrasives are put into closed rollers. During the rotation of cylinders, dynamic torque sensors are grinded between parts and abrasives, parts and parts to remove burrs. Roll grinding equipment with special burr deburring machine and centrifugal rolling polishing machine. Abrasive can be used in quartz sand, wood chips, alumina, ceramics, dolomite, silicon carbide, metal ring and so on.
5、手工去毛刺
5. Hand deburring
传统的方式是人工用钢锉,砂纸,磨头打磨;而修边刀逐步取代了这些传统的方法,使用起来简单方便,不需要技术处理,节约成本并且环保。
The traditional way is to use artificial files, sandpaper, grinding and trimming knife; gradually replaced the traditional method, easy to use, does not require treatment, cost saving and environmental protection.
6、超声波去毛刺
6. Ultrasonic deburring
超声波产生的超声能量作用于液体里振动处于稀疏状态的液体时,会撕裂成很小的空穴(即内部是真空的)这些空穴在破裂的时候会产生高达几百个大气压的瞬间压力,而这种现象既称为空化现象。超声波去毛刺就是利用“空化现象”产生的几百个大气压的瞬间冲击力把附着在部件上的毛刺清除干净。超声波去毛刺并不是所有毛刺都适用的,主要针对一些微观毛刺,一般如果毛刺需要用显微镜来观察的话,就都可以尝试用超声波的方法去除。对于肉眼可见的毛刺,主要看粘结的强度了,粘结强度弱的毛刺可以用超声波,一般要是用刀具才能处理的毛刺,用超声波方法是根本不行的。超声波去毛刺的优缺点
The role of ultrasonic energy generated by ultrasonic vibration in the liquid state is sparse when the liquid will be torn into small holes (i.e. internal vacuum) of these holes will produce up to hundreds of atmospheric pressure in the moment when broken, and this phenomenon is known as cavitation phenomenon. Ultrasonic deburring is to remove the burrs attached to the parts by the instant impact of the hundreds of atmospheric pressure produced by the "cavitation phenomenon". Ultrasonic burr removal is not applicable to all burrs. It is mainly aimed at some micro burrs. Generally, if burrs need to be observed by microscope, they can be removed by ultrasonic. For the naked burrs, the strength of bonding is mainly seen. The burrs with weak bonding strength can be treated by ultrasonic wave. If the burrs can be processed with tools, ultrasonic method is useless. Advantages and disadvantages of ultrasonic deburring
8、高压水喷射去毛刺
8, high pressure water jet to deburr
顾名思义是以水为媒介,利用它的瞬间冲击力来去除加工后产生的毛刺和飞边,同时可达到清洗的目的。经过多次试验测试,最终找到适合的压力为 30MPa—50MPa 。 若压力不足,无法达到去毛刺的效果,压力过高虽然可以去除毛刺,但存在损伤工件的危险。通常液压件在使用时所承受的液体压力都在 20Mpa 以内,用 50MPa 的压力都无法打掉的毛刺残留,在几兆帕的工作压力下脱落的几率是非常小的,也可以认为毛刺的根部残留是工件的一部分。 现在高压水去毛刺设备的制造厂家越来越多,简单可归纳为两类:工件移动式和喷嘴移动式。工件移动式造价低,适合简单阀体的去毛刺和清洗,其缺点是喷嘴与阀体的配合度不理想,阀体内部交叉孔、斜孔的毛刺去除效果不好;喷嘴移动式通过 CNC 控制可有效的调整喷嘴与阀体毛刺产生部位的距离,有效对应阀体内部的交叉孔和斜孔以及盲孔的毛刺,但由于此设备造价高,到目前为止只有汽车的心脏部位和工程机械的液压控制系统才能普遍享受此厚待。
As the name suggests, water is used as the medium to use its instant impact to remove the burrs and flown edges produced after processing, and to achieve the purpose of cleaning. After many tests, the suitable pressure was found to be 30MPa - 50MPa. If the pressure is insufficient, the effect of deburring can not be reached. Although the pressure is too high, the burr can be removed, but there is a danger of damage to the workpiece. Usually, the hydraulic pressure of hydraulic components is less than 20Mpa when used, and the burrs with 50MPa pressure can not be destroyed. The probability of shedding under several MPa working pressure is very small. It is also considered that the residual part of burrs is part of the workpiece. Now, there are more and more manufacturers of high pressure water deburring equipment, which can be summed up to two types: workpiece movement and nozzle movement. The portable and low cost, suitable for simple body deburring and cleaning, the disadvantage is the nozzle and valve with the degree is not ideal, burr inclined hole body cross hole, the removal effect is not good; mobile nozzle control can effectively adjust the nozzle and the valve body burr formation in the distance of the site by CNC, the corresponding effective internal body the cross hole and an inclined hole and blind hole burrs, but due to the high cost, so far only the heart of the car parts and hydraulic control system of engineering machine can generally enjoy this favor.
9、热爆炸去毛刺
9. Heat explosion to deburr
又名电热学去毛刺,热能去毛刺是当今世界机械制造行业公认最适合小工件大批量去毛刺的先进工艺,目前国内仅有两家企业可以生产此设备。它采用氢气和氧气在用于处理工件的密闭工作室中混合,瞬间点火燃烧并在极短时间内与工件表面毛刺发生剧烈的热化学反应,达到去除毛刺的目的。 热能去毛刺是一种特种加工技术,具有效率高、通用性强、可达性好,去除毛刺均匀彻底、工件表面平整光滑,且不受工件材料、形状及毛刺部位的限制等特点。特别适合其他工艺方法无法解决的具有复杂型腔、相贯相交孔系、深孔、盲孔、螺纹孔等去毛刺难度较大工件的去毛刺处理。可用于黑色、有色金属及热塑性塑料等非金属材料工件的去毛刺和金属压铸件、塑压件的去飞边处理。由于它的加工效率极高
Also known as electro thermal deburring, thermal energy deburring is the most advanced technology in the world's mechanical manufacturing industry, which is most suitable for small batch deburring. At present, only two enterprises in China can produce this device. It uses hydrogen and oxygen to mix in closed workshops for processing workpieces, and instantly ignite and burn, and in a very short time, it has a severe thermochemical reaction with burrs on the surface of workpieces, so as to achieve the purpose of burr removal. Thermal deburring is a special machining technology. It has many advantages such as high efficiency, versatility, good accessibility, smooth and smooth burr removal, and is not subject to the restriction of workpiece material, shape and burrs. It is especially suitable for the deburring treatment of workpiece with complex cavity, intersecting intersecting hole system, deep hole, blind hole and threaded hole, etc., which cannot be solved by other process methods. It can be used for the deburring of non-metallic materials such as black, nonferrous metal and thermoplastic plastics, and the removal of the metal pressing and plastic pressure parts. Because of its high processing efficiency